Legal Entity as a Research Framework for Sports Organizations :

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  • CHO Juzan
    Meiji University Graduate School of Humanities

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Other Title
  • 法人格概念によるスポーツ組織研究の枠組み
  • 法人格概念によるスポーツ組織研究の枠組み : クラブ、連盟、行政、企業、NPO、NGO、スポーツに固有な法人組織
  • ホウ ジンカク ガイネン ニ ヨル スポーツ ソシキ ケンキュウ ノ ワクグミ : クラブ 、 レンメイ 、 ギョウセイ 、 キギョウ 、 NPO 、 NGO 、 スポーツ ニ コユウ ナ ホウジン ソシキ
  • ―クラブ、連盟、行政、企業、NPO、NGO、スポーツに固有な法人組織―
  • Clubs, Federations, Administrations, Corporations, NPOs and NGOs, being a Legal Entity Unique to Sport

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Modern sports continue to increase their importance worldwide. Social, cultural and economic importance is developing as many institutes and organizations promote sports activities. Most of the studies relating to “Sports Organizations” utilize theories developed for bureaucratic and/or corporate organizations. Only a few approach “Sports Organizations” as organizations unique to sports activities, incorporating sports instincts, such as “Play”, defined by Caillois [1958]. Many researches barely contemplate an ideal organizational structure which could represent the nature of sports, or construe sports organizations as unique forms of organizations. The reason for this is a lack of an established framework to categorize various kinds of sports organizations. <br>　Currently, federations, clubs, teams, professional league associations, fitness gyms, sports media, sports training schools and sports research institutes etc., are all grouped into one category called “sports organizations”. In terms of organizational types, however, they are different, their only commonality being that they have some connection with sports. <br>　This paper introduces “Legal Entity” as a framework for categorizing various sports organizations, which can be further broken down into the categories of Administration, Corporation or NPO under today’s legal system. As the paper finds some important organizations failing to meet the framework of such established legal entities, it proposes to categorize such organizations as candidates for unique organizations dedicated to sports activities. <br>　Utilizing legal entity as a framework for categorizing sports organizations, this research illustrates the profile of such organizations unique to sports activities, and proposes a new approach for studying sports organizations.

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