脳腫瘍の病理診断における遺伝子解析の有用性

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  • Histopathological diagnosis of brain tumors with genetic analysis.
  • ノウシュヨウ ノ ビョウリ シンダン ニ オケル イデンシ カイセキ ノ ユウヨウセイ

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Currently only microscopical examinations are insuffcient for histologic classification and grading of gliomas. In recognition of the emerging role of molecula dr iagnostic approaches to glioma classification g, enetic profiles have been emphasized, as in the distinct subtypes of glioma. Glioblastomas (WHO grade IV) may develop de novo (primary glioblastomas) or through progression from lower-grade astrocytomas (secondary glioblastomas), but bothg lioblastoma sshow similar histologica fleatures. In contrast, these subtypes of glioblastom caonstitute distinct disease entities that evolve through different genetic pathways, and are likely to differ in prognosis and response to therapy. Oligodendroglioma is recognized as a particular subtype of gliomas that shows remarkable response to chemotherapy m, aking their correct diagnosis important H. owever h, istologica dlifferentiatio onf oligodendrogliomas from diffuse astrocytoma could be highly subjective in cases without typical morphological features. Although primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and non-CNS lymphoma also show similar histologica fleatures, it is very important to discriminate primary tumors or metastatic tumors. This article suggests that more biological and molecular approaches to brain tumor classification will provide improved means to type these tumors.

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