The aim of the study is to present a new model for the large-scale cold outbreaks (LSCO) in East Asia from the viewpoint of synoptic climatology. The LSCO is characterized by a large-scale cold low cut off from the polar vortex by blocking ridges. It exerts large influence on the surface temperature anomaly pattern, then produces large-scale anomalies (LSA).<br> Using normalized surface temperature anomaly charts of January for 30 years (1951_??_1980), 15 cases of January were selected as the cases with the LSA.<br> The LSCO means the large-scale exchange of air from the colder higher latitudes into the warmer lower latitudes. Therefore, when the L SCO takes place (does not take place) large positive (negative) anomaly should appear in the higher latitudes. Fig. 2 shows the procedure of the LSA classification. Ten cases are classified into three types (Fig. 3). Anomaly pattern for each typc was summarized in Table 2.<br> Synoptic analysis of 5-day mean 500 mb charts (Figs. 4, 5 and 6) for some cases of the three types shows following features<br> 1) Type A…… Polar Region Blocking type (PLB)<br> The most striking feature is that the north Pacific blocking ridge stretching toward the north pole splits the polar vortex. And another blocking ridge over the north Atlantic Ocean also stretches toward the north pole. The high latitudes are covered with positive anomaly by warm advection of the blocking highs. Negative anomaly appears in the middle latitudes because of the cold low cut off from the polar vortex.<br> 2) Type B…… North Pacific Blocking type (NPB)<br> The north Pacific blocking ridge which causes positive anomaly in the high latitudes does not stretch to the north pole but to Kamchatka Peninsula. A large cold low cut off from the polar vortex exists in the south of the blocking ridge and makes a deep trough. Then, negative anomaly appears in the middle and low latitudes.<br> 3) Type C…… Polar Vortex type (PLV)<br> The polar vortex is not split by the north Pacific blocking ridge, but lasting over the polar region, so blocking activity is very weak. Positive anomaly dominates the middle and low latitudes because the large-scale cold outbreak does not occur.<br> Fig. 7 shows schematic illustration for the LSCO of the three types. The LSCO is characterized by the polar vortex and blocking ridges. And Fig. 10 is a new model for the LSCO and LSA in which the monthly mean synoptic patterns of 500 mb height and surface pressure (upper) and their anomaly patterns (lower) are shown.