イネの遺伝的修飾--プロトプラストからトランスジェニック植物へ〔英文〕

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  • Genetic manipulation of rice: from protoplasts to transgenic plants.
  • イネ ノ イデンテキ シュウショク プロトプラスト カラ トランスジェニック

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Protoplasts are versatile tools for genetic manipulation of plant cells. The ability of genetically modified protoplasts to differentiate into complete plants offers novel experimental systems in various fields of plant biology. Among major graminaceous species (cereals), rice is the only one in which wellestablished protoplast system is available. By using protoplasts as an experimental system, we have obtained and characterized various mutations some of which are being used for breeding new varieties. Somatic hybrids of rice and wild Oryza species were generated and cytoplasmic male sterility of an indica rice was transferred to japonica rice by cell fusion. Most importantly, an efficient method of genetic transformation was developed which opened up a new area of research in rice. Variously modified genes can be now introduced and expressed in transgenic rice and various mutations were generated by introduced transposable elements, Ac/Ds. Initial attempts on genetic engineering of rice has also begun. These suggest that rice can be a model cereal in which genetic as well as reverse-genetic approaches can be taken for various basic and applied studies.<br>

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