EFFECTS OF REASONINGS ON ALTRUISTIC BEHAVIOR IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

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  • 幼児の愛他行動に及ぼす理由づけの効果
  • ヨウジ ノ アイタ コウドウ ニ オヨボス リユウズケ ノ コウカ

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Abstract

This study examined the effects of the type of reasoning on the consequences for sharing on preschoolers' motivations to altruistic behavior. Thirty preschool children watched a videotape of a victim who appealed the damages of disastar. Subsequently, children received either an other-oriented rationale stating that sharing might bring any victim positive consequences, a self-oriented rationale explaining that sharing might bring themselves positive consequences, or a procedure of sharing without any explanation. Children were then given the opportunity to share a token in the presence and in the absence of an adult. The rate of sharing in the condition of a self-oriented reasoning decreaed significantly in an adult presence and in his absence. Other-oriented reasoning elicited a greater rate and a more stable pattern of sharing than the other two conditions. The present finding suggested that other-oriented reasoning motivated an altruistic behavior while self-oriented reasoning motivated an egoistic behavior in preschool children.

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