COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON ACTIVITIES OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AGAINST CAUSATIVE ORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS (1992)

The frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 732 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 11 hospitals during the period of June 1992 to May 1993. Of the above total bacterial isolates, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 35.4% and a majority of them were Enterococcus faecalis. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 64.6% and most of them were Escherichia coli.<BR>1.Enterococcus faecalis<BR>Ampicillin (ABPC), imipenem (IPM) and vancomycin (VCM) showed the highest activities against E. faecalis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them were 2μg/ml. Piperacillin (PIPC) was also active with the MIC₉₀ of 8μg/ml. The others except chloramphenicol (CP) were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.<BR>2.Staphylococcus aureus including MRSA<BR>VCM showed the highest activities against S. aureus isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀, was 1μg/ml. Arbekacin (ABK) was also active with the MIC₉₀ of 2μg/ml. The others were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.<BR>3. Staphylococcus epidermidis<BR>ABK showed the highest activities against S. epidermidis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀ was 0.5μg/ml. Cefotiam (CTM) and VCM were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 2μg/ml. Penicillins except ABPC, gentamicin (GM), clindamycin (CLDM) and quinolones were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 64μg/ml or above.<BR>4.Streptococcus agalactiae<BR>Most of the agents were active against S. agalactiae isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Penicillins, cephems, erythromycin (EM), and CLDM showed the highest activities. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.25μg/ml or below. Amikacin (AMK) and minocycline (MINO) were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.<BR>5.Citrobacter freundii<BR>IPM showed the highest activities against C. freundii isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀ was 1μg/ml. Cefozopran (CZOP) and amikacin (AMK) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 4μg/ml. Penicillins and cephems generally were not so active.<BR>6.Enterobacter cloacae<BR>IPM and GM sho wed the highest activities against E. cloacae. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.5 μg/ml. Cipronoxacin (CPFX) and tosuHoxacin (TFLX) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 4μg/ml. Penicillins and cephems generally showed lower activities.<BR>7.Escherichia coli<BR>Most of the age nts were active against E. coli. Flomoxef (FMOX), cefmenoxime (CMX), CZOP, IPM, carumonam (CRMN), norfloxacin (NFLX), ofloxacin (OFLX), CPFX and TFLX showed the highest activities against E. coli. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.125μg/ml or below. Cefotiam (CTM), ceftazidime (CAZ), cefuzonam (CZON) and latamoxef (LMOX) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 0.25μg/ml. Penicillins were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.<BR>8. Klebsiella pneumoniae<BR>Most of the agents were active against K. pneumoniae. FMOX, CMX, CZOP and CRMN showed the highest activities. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.125μg/ml or below. But ampicillin (ABPC) was not so active with the MIC₉₀ of 128μg/ml.<BR>9.Proteus mirabilis<BR>Most of the agents were active against P. mirabilis. FMOX, CMX, CAZ, CZON, LMOX, CFIX, CPDX, CRMN, NFLX, CPFX and TFLX showed the highest activities against P. mirabilis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.125μg/ml or below. ABPC and MINO were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 256μg/ml or above.