COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON ACTIVITIES OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AGAINST CAUSATIVE ORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS (1991)

The frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 751 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 11 hospitals during the period of June 1991 to May 1992. Of the above total bacterial isolates, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 28.6% and a majority of them were Enterococcus faecalis. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 71.4% and most of them were Escherichia coli.<BR>1.Enterococcus faecalis<BR>Ampicillin (ABPC), imipenem (IPM) and vancomycin (VCM) showed the highest activities against E. faecalis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them were 2μg/ml. Piperacillin (PIPC) and chloramphenicol (CP) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 8μg/ml. The others were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.<BR>2.Staphylococcus aureus including MRSA<BR>Arbekacin (ABK) showed the highest activities against S. aureus isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC90 was 0.5μg/ml. VCM was also active with its MIC90 of 1μg/ml. The others were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.<BR>3.Citrobacter freundii<BR>Ciprofloxacin (CPFX) showed the highest activities against C. freundii isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀ was 0.5μg/ml. IPM, gentamicin (GM), ABK and norfloxacin (NFLX) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 1μg/ml. Penicillins and cephems were not so active.<BR>4.Enterobacter cloacae<BR>IPM showed the highest activities against E. cloacae isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀ was 0.5μg/ml. CPFX was also active with the MIC₉₀ of 2μg/ml. Aminoglycosides were active comparatively. The MIC₉₀s of them were 4μg/ml. Penicillins and cephems generally showed lower activities.<BR>5.Escherichia coli<BR>IPM and ciprofloxacin (CPFX) showed the highest activities against E. coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.125μg/ml or below. Flomoxef (FMOX), cefmenoxime (CMX), cefuzonam (CZON), latamoxef (LMOX), norfloxacin (NFLX) and ofloxacin (OFLX) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 0.25μg/ml. Penicillins except mecillinam (MPC) were not so active showing the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.<BR>6.Klebsiella pneumoniae<BR>IPM showed the highest activities against K. pneumoniae isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀ was 0.25μg/ml. Gentamicin (GM) and arbekacin (ABK) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 0.5μg/ml, respectively. But minocycline (MINO) and penicillins were not so active showing the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.<BR>7. Proteus mirabilis<BR>Most of the agents were active against P. mirabilis. Cephems except CEZ were generally active with the MIC90s in a range of ≤0.125μg/ml-2μg/ml. CRMN, NFLX, OFLX and CPFX were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 0.125μg/ml or below. Penicillins were not so active.<BR>8.Pseudomonas aeruginosa<BR>Most of the agents were not so active against P. aeruginosa. IPM showed the MIC₉₀ of 8μg/ml. CAZ, CRMN and AMK showed the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml. IPM and TOB showed the MIC₅₀s of 1μg/ml, 2μg/ml, respectively.<BR>9.Serratia marcescens<BR>Most of the agents were not so active against S. marcescens. Comparatively, IPM was active with the MIC₉₀ of 2μg/ml. CAZ, CRMN and ABK showed the MIC₉₀s of 16mu;g/ml. Penicillins and cephems except CAZ were not active showing the MIC₉₀s of 64μg/ml or above.