An Analysis of the Relationship between Japan’s Science Achievement in International Studies and Changes in National Curriculum: Based on the Statistical Changes over Time in Common Items in Recent TIMSS Assessments in Eighth Grade Biology

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  • 国際的な学力調査から見る日本の理科の学力とカリキュラムの変化との関連
  • 国際的な学力調査から見る日本の理科の学力とカリキュラムの変化との関連 : 近年のTIMSS調査における中学校第2学年生物領域の共通項目の変化に基づいて
  • コクサイテキ ナ ガクリョク チョウサ カラ ミル ニホン ノ リカ ノ ガクリョク ト カリキュラム ノ ヘンカ ト ノ カンレン : キンネン ノ TIMSS チョウサ ニ オケル チュウガッコウ ダイ2 ガクネン セイブツ リョウイキ ノ キョウツウ コウモク ノ ヘンカ ニ モトズイテ
  • ―近年のTIMSS 調査における中学校第2 学年生物領域の共通項目の変化に基づいて―

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Abstract

This study aims to figure out the characteristics of the changes in international achievement of Japanese lower secondary school students in biology over time, from the perspective of the revision of the Course of Study, or the Japanese national curriculum. It measured the statistical changes in common items between TIMSS 2007 and TIMSS2011 assessments taken by eighth graders. Specifically, the item parameter drift was analyzed using item response models. During the analysis, this study seriously took the sampling design of TIMSS assessment into account. The common items were classified according to the topic areas and this classification was considered in association with the result of the above statistical analysis.<br>The results show that the topic area of “Cells and Their Functions” seem to be more favorable for the eighth graders of 2010–2011 school years than for those of the 2006–2007 school years. On the other hand, the topic area of “Ecosystems” seem less favorable for the former than for the latter. These characteristics of the changes in the achievement of the Japanese students over time are discussed in the light of the changes in the curricular emphasis on the relevant subject matter. It is suggested that the favorable result of “Cells and Their Functions” is related to the change in the corresponding science curriculum, whose content was shifted to an earlier grade with the strengthened connection.

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