What is This Thing Called ‘<i>gakuryoku</i>’ (academic ability) in ‘<i>Rika</i>’ (School science) in Japan

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  • 理科教育における学力観の再考
  • 理科教育における学力観の再考 : 比較教育史的アプローチからの示唆
  • リカ キョウイク ニ オケル ガクリョクカン ノ サイコウ : ヒカク キョウイクシテキ アプローチ カラ ノ シサ
  • ?—Rethinking Perspectives on ‘<i>gakuryoku</i>’ through Analysis Based on Comparative History
  • ―比較教育史的アプローチからの示唆―

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Abstract

Abstract: What is this thing called ‘gakuryoku’ (academic ability) in ‘Rika’ (School science) education? The aim of the study is to obtain some effective suggestions and points to reconsider and review for the improvement of Rika(School science) education in Japan. In this study, the author at first took a bird’s-eye view of history of the academic controversy with regard to ‘gakuryoku’ by pedagogists and psychologists during the post-war period in Japan, and also analyzed the ways in which competence/competency and scientific/science literacy are defined in other countries.Secondly, the author analyzed EU reports on science education and science curricula in the UK from a perspective of scientific literacy in order to understand how scientific literacy has been reflected on them. As a result, the author found that whereas ‘gakuryoku’ in Japan has been based on the context of school education for long time, scientific competence and scientific literacy in other countries have been intended to position school education within a larger perspective of life-long learning in a knowledge society, so that pupils are enabled to take part in society as active citizens with scientific literacy. It is pointed out that we should reconsider ‘gakuryoku’ in ‘Rika’ through reinterpretation of the Course of Study from the new perspective, reconsidering the Japanese historical context of ‘Rika’ and also referring to case studies of other countries’ science curricula.

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