Focal therapy for the management of the small renal cortical neoplasm

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  In the last 2 decades, the number of incidentally discovered renal cortical neoplasms（RCN）has significantly risen. In response, treatment options have also evolved. The purpose of this paper is to review the details of cryoablation and RFA including patient selection, indications and contraindications, the mechanism of action, and a brief literature review. Additionally, our technique for both laparoscopic cryoablation（LCA）and percutaneous cryoablation（PCA）including management of complications and follow-up protocols will be detailed. A literature search was performed of MEDLINE using PubMed and relevant articles were included in the review. Correct application of either technology requires that the surgeon understands the technology, the mechanism of action, and incorporates the evolving concepts of these young therapeutic options. Emerging data suggests that both RFA and cryoablation are excellent alternatives to extirpative therapy.

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