Psychological Factors Associated with Physical Inactivity among Middle-aged Adults:

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Other Title
  • 中年者における身体不活動を規定する心理的要因
  • 中年者における身体不活動を規定する心理的要因 : 運動に関する意思決定のバランス
  • チュウネンシャ ニ オケル シンタイ フカツドウ オ キテイ スル シンリテキ ヨウイン : ウンドウ ニ カンスル イシ ケッテイ ノ バランス
  • Psychological factors associated with physical inactivity among middle-aged adults: decisional balance for exercise [Article in Japanese]
  • Decisional Balance for Exercise
  • ―運動に関する意思決定のバランス―

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The transtheoretical model (TTM) of behavior change is increasingly being applied to studies on physical activity and exercise promotion in Japan. The present study developed the decisional balance for exercise scale to measure the benefits (pros) and costs (cons) of exercising. In addition, we examined the prevalence of stages of change for exercise behavior and their relationship to decisional balance for exercise. A total of 608 middle-aged adults answered a 30-item questionnaire consisting of statements on the benefits and costs of exercising. Stepwise exploratory factor analysis identified the following two factors: One a 10-item component representing positive perceptions of exercise (pros), the other a 10-item component representing avoidance of exercise (cons). Psychometric analyses showed that the decisional balance for exercise scale had high reliability and validity. On the basis of their responses to the stages of change measure, 203 were in precontemplation (33.4%), 123 in contemplation (20.2%), 114 in preparation (18.8%), 48 in action (7.9%), and 120 in maintenance (19.7%). Significant differences were found for pros, cons, and decisional balance (pros minus cons) mean scores across the five stages of change. In contrast with those who exercised regularly, participants who had not yet begun to exercise saw exercising as having nearly as many costs as it had benefits. In Japan, continued work at understanding modifiable factors associated with physical inactivity and intervention trial would yield important information for promoting physical activity and exercise effectively.

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