Trade Effects of Ensuring Export Discipline through Parallelism:

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Other Title
  • パラレリズムに基づく輸出規律確保の貿易効果
  • パラレリズムに基づく輸出規律確保の貿易効果 : 脱脂粉乳を事例として
  • パラレリズム ニ モトズク ユシュツ キリツ カクホ ノ ボウエキ コウカ : ダッシ フンニュウ オ ジレイ ト シテ
  • ──脱脂粉乳を事例として──
  • The Case of Skim Milk

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The purpose of this paper is to quantitatively analyze trade effects of ensuring export discipline through parallelism. A newly developed spatial equilibrium model includes export subsidies, exporting state trading enterprises (exporting STEs) and imperfect competition. The model is applied to international skim milk trade. The main results of the policy simulations are as follows. Firstly, skim milk trade has been distorted by export subsidies in the EU and exporting STEs in New Zealand and Canada. Secondly, the distortion might be greatly corrected by ensuring export discipline through parallelism. Thirdly, supported by the United States and Japan, which receive its benefits, the EU will keep advocating parallelism in the ongoing WTO agricultural negotiations.

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