16 多層建築物における同時流出について

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  • 16) SIMULTANEOUS EVACUATION FROM FLOORS OF MULTI-STOREY BUILDINGS
  • 多層建築物における同時流出について
  • タソウ ケンチクブツ ニ オケル ドウジ リュウシュツ ニ ツイテ
  • 14) SIMULTANEOUS EVACUTION FROM FLOORS OF MULTI-STOREY BUILDING

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In case of the outbreak of a fire or other condition danderous to life in Multi-storey buildings, evacuations onto the stairs occur simultaneously from each floor soon after an alarm or the announcement to the occupants to leave the building. To minimize danger to life from fire, smoke, fumes or panic before building are vacated, there must be the means of exits sufficient to permit prompt escape of occupants. To obtain the adequacy of means of exits, it is first necessary to know the time which will be required for evacuation from each storey. Here, I tried for the method of calculating that time for evacuation as the base for determining necessary width of stairs, landings or platforms. But in order to ascertain the requisite width of staircase, it will first be necessary to assume a width and then to determine whether it is adequate. Number of storeys may range here 3 to 10, and the storey-heights, number of people and width of stair on each floor or storey may be varied or equal. The formulas are as follows. I. When the width of stairs are same throughout that vertical opening, and if evacuation from m-th floor other than top complete as final: [numerical formula] and if top floor is final: [numerical formula] II. When the width of stairs are different in lower and in upper storeys: [numerical formula], if top floor is final; [numerical formula] and if any of G_i (or T_i)<0, the required time for m-th floor to be clear is revised as [numerical formula] Here, [numerical formula] but G_1, G_2, G_3 take special types. Notations: N_m (person) Number of people on m-th floor. A_m(〃) Staircase capacity of m-th storey. U_m Width of stair of m-th storey in units (1 unit=55cm) V (person/minute/unit) discharge value (42 p/m/u) T_m, T_<nt>, G_m, G_<nt> Total time required for m-th floor to be clear. Suffix(t) means top. T is used when stair width equal, and G used when different. t_m' variable clause in T_m-formula. T_0 Required time before the announcement or alarm to all floors. G_m Time required from conclusion of discharge from m-1-th floor to that from m-th floor. g_m Variable clause in formula G_m C_n Variable clause. This varies according to the order of conclusions of discharge from floors.

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