Conformity under Indirect Group Pressure in Junior High School Students : Effects of Normative and Informational Social Influences and Task Importance

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  • Miyajima Takashi
    Graduate School of School Education, Joetsu University of Education
  • Naito Mika
    Department of School Education, Joetsu University of Education

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  • 間接圧力による中学生の同調 : 規範的および情報的影響と課題重要性の効果
  • カンセツ アツリョク ニ ヨル チュウガクセイ ノ ドウチョウ キハンテキ オヨビ ジョウホウテキ エイキョウ ト カダイ ジュウヨウセイ ノ コウカ

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Abstract

This study investigated the effects of task importance and social influences on conformity among young adolescents. In response to a number of questions which differed in task importance, 9th graders (N=218) chose one of two answer options. Two experiments examined normative (Experiment 1) and informational (Experiment 2) influences, using questions about students' attitudes and logical reasoning, respectively. Students in the experimental condition received options along with displays of apparently normative answers for their own age group, and after a week they returned to make choices without any normative displays. They were compared with students in a control condition who received unbiased alternatives. The results showed that students in the experimental condition tended to choose the biased alternative for attitudinal questions of both high and low importance, and they did so again a week later without normative information. Girls were more likely to choose the biased alternative than boys. The data suggest that especially under normative influences young adolescents show strong conformity that continues long-term as privately accepted attitudes. The results are discussed in terms of a self-categorization framework (Hogg, 1992).

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