The Influences of the Situational Actuality, Recognition of Real Existence, and Evocation of Feeling, on Young Children's Judgments about Imaginary Objects.

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  • 幼児による想像の現実性判断における状況の迫真性,実在性認識,感情喚起の影響
  • ヨウジ ニ ヨル ソウゾウ ノ ゲンジツセイ ハンダン ニ オケル ジョウキョウ ノ ハクシンセイ ジツザイセイ ニンシキ カンジョウ カンキ ノ エイキョウ

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Abstract

This study used the "empty box task" of Harris et al. (1991) to examine influences on young children's judgments about imaginary objects. In two experiments, children were shown two empty boxes and were asked to imagine that a monster was in one of the boxes. The experimenter showed the picture of a monster to the child and asked the child to express whether the monster was real by making verbal judgments and physical actions. Next the spontaneous behavior of each child toward the boxes was observed after he/she was left alone in the room. Finally, children made judgments and reported their feelings about their imagination. In comparing the influence of situational actuality under 3 conditions: story (in which the experimenter told a monster story before presenting the boxes), costume (in which the experimenter put on a witch costume during the experiment) and a control conditions, there were three main findings. First, the effects of situational reality differed according to the condition. Second, recognition of real existence was related to credibility in making verbal judgments. Third, evocation of feeling was related to the spontaneous behavior of children when they were observed alone.

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