The Effects of Psychiatric Clinical Nursing Practicum on Nursing Students' Images of Mental Disorders, Attitudes to Psychiatric Nursing, and Case Assessments.

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  • 精神看護実習が看護学生の精神障害者イメージ，看護態度，および事例アセスメントに及ぼす影響
  • セイシン カンゴ ジッシュウ ガ カンゴ ガクセイ ノ セイシン ショウガイシャ イメージ カンゴ タイド オヨビ ジレイ アセスメント ニ オヨボス エイキョウ

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a psychiatric clinical nursing practicum on the images of mental disorders, attitudes toward psychiatric nursing, and clinical case assessments. Two hundred ninety eight psychiatric clinical nursing students (hereinafter called "students" ) were requested to complete a set of questionnaires before and after their practicum. The same questionnaires were also administered to 76 registered psychiatric nurses as control. Promax factor analysis revealed that students' images were constructed of three dimensions, (1) Autistic, (2) Obdurate, and (3) Nervous. Also, two attitude scales, (1) Avoidance, and (2) Supportive, and six assessment scales, (1) maladjustment, (2) understanding, (3) warning/ treatment, (4) affirmation, (5) change-the-subject, and (6) wait-and-see, were formed. To determine the affect of length of practicum, students were divided into three groups and compared. Groups were divided as follows: (1) One-week practicum without experience, (2) Two-week practicum without experience, and (3) Two-week practicum with experience. <br>Main findings suggest the following. <br>(1) After the practicum, average scores in the Autistic, Obdurate, and Nervous dimensions decreased. Further, average Avoidance scale scores decreased while the average Supportive scale scores increased. <br>(2) Average scores on four of the six assessment scales (maladjustment, understanding, affirmation, and change-the-subject) significantly changed after completion of the practicum. The magnitudes of these changes were correlated with those in the images and attitudes reported by the students. <br>(3) After the practicum, average scores for students on the scales utilized moved in the direction of those held by psychiatric nurses, which were thought as educationally desirable outcomes. <br>(4) The group of students who completed a two-week practicum without experience reported the greatest average changes in scores on the Autistic and Obdurate dimensions, the Avoidance scale, and one assessment scale, reaching the same level as the group of students with experience.

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