The Influence Factors for Psychological Distance of Psychiatric Nurses to Patients in a Clinical Setting

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  • 精神科における看護師の患者に対する心理的距離の関連要因
  • セイシンカ ニ オケル カンゴシ ノ カンジャ ニ タイスル シンリテキ キョリ ノ カンレン ヨウイン

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Abstract

Psychological Distance is an unclear concept in the nurse-patient relationship. In this research, we sought to clarify what the Psychological Distance is in the nurse-patient relationship. <br> We applied four questionnaires in 281 psychiatric nurses: 1) Nurse Attitude Scale (NAS), 2) Feeling Checklist Japanese version (FCJ), 3) Attitude scale toward patient with mental illness, and 4) Psychological Distance Scale. The NAS measures nurses' Expressed Emotion (EE). The FCJ is a self-report questionnaire for the assessment of nurses' countertransference toward patients. The Attitude scale toward patient with mental illness measures the social distance between people and patients with mental illness. In the Psychological Distance Scale, the scale we devised originally for this investigation, we ask questions in ten phases on a scale from 1 to 10 in various situations assuming that the most friendly psychological distance is 1. <br> Multiple regression analysis showed significant associations between Psychological Distance and the core model variables. A positive association between psychological distance and FCJ-Distance was observed. Conversely, a negative association between Psychological Distance and NAS-Positive Remarks, FCJ-Closeness, and years of psychiatric nursing experiences was seen. Moreover, data showed that nurses working on open wards tended to affect close Psychological Distance with patients.

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