Analysis of decision-making in the identification of elements by density : A questionnaire investigation of university freshmen

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  • 密度測定による金属同定にみられる判断の分析 : 大学1年生に対する質問紙調査
  • ミツド ソクテイ ニ ヨル キンゾク ドウテイ ニ ミラレル ハンダン ノ ブンセキ ダイガク 1ネンセイ ニ タイスル シツモンシ チョウサ

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A questionnaire investigation of university freshmen was carried out in order to study decision-making in the identification of elements by density. Prior to analysis we defined the maximum and minimum allowable ranges of density values on the basis of conditions in the questionnaire. Studying the results, we found two types of range recognition according to the values that students used in setting their allowable ranges. Type I (reference value dependent) is defined by a narrow allowable range set equally to either side of the density value of the given element within certain limits ( ± 0. 5) ; the mean values of the allowable range, MVAR, remain constant, c, for any element. Type II (neighboring value dependent) is characterized by a broad allowable range influenced by, and expanded towards, neighboring density values ; the MVAR, y axis, increases with increasing differences between the neighboring density and the density of the given element, τ, x axis, following the relation y = a + bx. The constants, b and c, varied according to questions that asked the students to determine the allowable range both with confidence and without confidence. When the density of only one element is given, Type II students tend to favor a relatively narrow allowable range, influenced by "expected" neighboring elements. Type I students, however, were not influenced by "expected" neighbors. Dependency of MVAR on τ reveals characteristic properties of Type I and II range setting by students which reflects the influence of teaching materials or instruction.

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