Morphological Studies on Tillering Habits in Temperate Grasses : IV. Leaf development in dormant tiller buds of orchardgrass shoot growing under sward conditions

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  • 寒地型イネ科牧草の分げつ習性に関する形態学的研究 : IV.群落におけるオーチャードグラスの分げつ芽の形成とその休眠について
  • 寒地型イネ科牧草の分げつ習性に関する形態学的研究-4-群落におけるオーチャードグラスの分げつ芽の形成とその休眠について
  • カンチガタ イネカ ボクソウ ノ ブンゲツ シュウセイ ニ カンスル ケイタイ

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Formation of tiller buds and leaf development in dormant tiller buds were studied anatomically with orchardgrass shoots which were growing under sward conditions. The results are summarized as follows. 1) In swards, the "phase of tiller bud formation" of orchardgrass shoots proceeded almost similarly as in normally tillering seedlings, e.g. the bud primordium usually bulged out when 3〜4 leaves immediately above it were developing like a collar or more surrounding or covering over the mother shoot apex, and it developed quickly to the tiller bud being organized with its own apex and 3〜4 juvenile leaves (Fig.1, 2). This structure as a bud may be generally achieved at the uppermost leaf "n" of mother shoot. 2) The most of tiller buds formed by way of above mentioned process, however, did not reveal any analogous growth with corresponding leaf of mother shoot in most cases, because their first leaves ceased further elongation for tillering after the bud completion (Fig.2). In these dormant tiller buds, several scaly leaves lay one upon another covering collar- and hood-like leaves. This fact suggests that the exponential growth of juvenile leaves is suppresed after they have attained hood-like size (Fig.3, 4). 3) The synchronous differentiation of the corresponding leaves was observed among such upper dormant buds as Tn-1〜Tn-3 or Tn-4 in most seasons, excluding those harvested in early reproductive stage (Table 1). 4) In successively lower tiller buds inserting below than Tn-3 or Tn-4, leaf differentiation at apical region did not occur anymore, and existing leaves, especially more aged ones, decayed progressively, causing complete death of older buds (Fig.3). Thus, the dormancy of tiller buds in orchardgrass is much different from that of seeds or winter buds of trees, so that it is better to recognize it as a first step for dying.

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