The Relationships between Heading Characteristics and Dry Matter Production in Some Tropical Grasses

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  • セタリア(Setaria sphacelata (Schumach.) Stapf et C. E. Hubb.)とギニアグラス(Panicum maximum Jacq.)における株の出穂特性と乾物生産速度との関係
  • セタリア Setaria sphacelata Schumach.Stapf

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Abstract

The relationships between heading characteristics and dry matter production were investigated in two cultivars of setaria (Setaria sphacelata (Schumach.) Stapf et C.E. Hubb. cv. Kazungula and Narok), guineagrass (Panicum maximum Jacq. var. maximum cv. Natsukaze) and green panic (P. maximum Jacq. var. trichoglume Eyles). The heading ratio (percentage of heading tiller number to total tiller number) in Narok setaria (SN) was considerably lower than those in the other grasses. Higher-nodal-position tillers appeared from the heading tillers in all the grasses. The tiller weight was considerably greater in guineagrass (GN) than in the other grasses. In Kazungula setaria (SK) and green panic (GG), although the increase in leaf area index was strongly depressed with heading, the potential canopy photosynthetic rate and the crop growth rate of top increased. This phenomenon was considered to be due to the shift of the main photosynthetic source from old leaves on the heading tillers to young leaves on the higher-nodal-position tillers. Such a shift was not evident in SN and GN, because SN had very few heading tillers and GN had large leaf area on the heading tillers.

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