Effects of Elevated Atmospheric CO_2 on Forage Yields of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.)

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  • Kobayashi Sohei
    Department of Crop Breeding, National Agriculture Research Center for Hokkaido Region
  • Sugiyama Syuichi
    Department of Bioproduction, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University
  • Hirata Toshiyuki
    Experimental Farm, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University
  • Yoshida Koichi
    Experimental Farm, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University
  • Takahashi Hidenori
    Division of Geoscience, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University
  • Nakashima Hiroshi
    Experimental Farm, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University

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Other Title
  • 大気CO_2濃度の上昇がペレニアルライグラス(Lolium perenne L.)とアカクローバ(Trifolium pratense L.)の収量に及ぼす影響.

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Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO_2) concentration (app. 370μmol mol^<-1>) is predicted to double by the end of this century. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of elevated atmospheric CO_2 on forage yields of perennial ryegrass and red clover in Hokkaido. The two species were grown as monocultures in a factorial design of two CO_2 concentrations (ambient and doubled) and two nitrogen (N) fertilizer levels (with and without N) using open top chambers at the Hokkaido University Experimental Farm for two years to examine forage yields and the numbers and sizes of tillers and petioles in monthly cuts. Regardless of N level, the ryegrass yield increased with doubled CO_2 throughout the two years, owing to mutual stimulations of the tiller number and size. The clover yield increased only slightly in the first year, but dramatically in the second year. The slight increases in the first year resulted from the absence of petiole number stimulation. Reflecting the different responses to CO_2, the mean yield increased 43% for ryegrass and 30% for clover. Comparison of these rates with those reported previously suggests that future CO_2 enrichment will elevate forage yields of the two species in Hokkaido to a greater extent than those predicted for other regions.

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