Establishment of Multiple-shoot Formation from Apical Meristems and Dwarf Strain Induced by Heavy Ion Beam Irradiation in Cogongrass

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  • チガヤ(Imperata cylindrica L.)における多芽体誘導と重イオンビーム照射による矮性系統の選抜
  • チガヤ Imperata cylindrica L ニ オケル タガタイ ユウドウ ト ジュウ イオンビーム ショウシャ ニ ヨル ワイセイ ケイトウ ノ センバツ

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Abstract

We have established an efficient method for obtaining dwarf mutants from cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica L.) through induced heavy-ion beam irradiation with tissue culture techniques. Young shoots of cogongrass were collected by detaching from field-grown native plant. The shoots with apical meristems were cut into about 5cm segments in length, and the surface was sterilized. Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with various compositions of 2,4-D and BAP were used in this study. The highest frequency of multiple-shoot formation was observed on MS medium containing 0.1mg/L 2,4-D and 2.0mg/L BAP. Subsequently, multiple-shoot clumps were transferred to a fresh hormone-free MS medium for inducing shoot elongations. Elongated shoots were divided from multiple-shoot clumps, and then transferred to a fresh hormone-free 1/2MS medium for the induction of roots. The multiple-shoot clumps were periodically subcultured to a fresh medium every month and proliferated with primary multiple shoots, which developed as crowded shoot clumps. The multiple-shoot formation from seed-derived shoot apical meristems of cogongrass were irradiated with heavy-ion beams 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100Gy (135-MeV/nucleon <20>^Ne and <12>^C ions). Although some albino plants regenerated, green plants produced 507 plantlets in total. All regenerated plantlets were transplanted into individual small pots, and then placed in the field. Only one plantlet out of 507 regenerated plantlets showed the lowest plant height during the first two years, when evaluated morphological characteristics.

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