Analysis of the contributing factors for the onset of side effects caused by varenicline as a non-smoking aid

Morisaki Kozue, Ohnishi Tsukasa, Nagano Asuka, Ato Yumi, Matsuno Saki, Ishibashi Masaaki, Sagara Hironori, Iwamoto Sanju, Ishii Masakazu

doi:10.14950/jstc.12.64

Objective: We investigated the contributing factors for the onset of side effects caused by varenicline, a partial agonist at theα₄β₂ nicotinic receptor, as a non-smoking aid.Methods: We included 190 patients (127 men and 63 women) in the smoking cessation clinic at the Showa University East Hospital or Showa University Hospital from September 2008 and December 2015. We assessed the contributing factors associated with side effects induced by varenicline using multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis.Results/Findings: The side effects were observed in 90 patients [52/127 (40.9%) of men and 38/63 (60.3%) of women]. The main side effects were nausea and vomiting. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis demonstrated that female gender, experience of challenge to quit smoking and carbon monoxide (CO) in the exhaled air were significant factors that contributed independently to onset of side effects for varenicline. Their odds ratios were 2.281 (male vs. female, 95% CI 1.098-4.738), 2.506 (no vs. yes, 95% CI 1.250-5.021) and 2.404 (> 25 ppm vs. < 25 ppm, 95% CI 1.046-5.525), respectively.Conclusion: Female gender, experience of challenge to quit smoking and CO in the exhaled air are independent factors associated with the development of side effects induced by varenicline. To improve smoking cessation using varenicline, for patients at high risk for side effects, dose reduction or start of preventive therapy may be implemented for side effects.

Analysis of the contributing factors for the onset of side effects caused by varenicline as a non-smoking aid

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