マルクスの協同社会主義像 : 21世紀における社会主義の復権と新生によせて(<特集>アソシエーション論と非営利・協同組合セクター論の到達点と課題)

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  • Karl Marx's Cooperative Socialism : In Relation to Reforming the Current Capitalistic Structure(<SPECIAL ISSUE>Association Theory and Non-profit and Cooperative Sector Theory: Taking Stock, Looking Ahead)
  • マルクスの協同社会主義像 : 21世紀における社会主義の復権と新生によせて
  • マルクス ノ キョウドウ シャカイ シュギゾウ : 21セイキ ニ オケル シャカイ シュギ ノ フッケン ト シンセイ ニ ヨセテ

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Since the Russian Revolution, the public has considered socialism to refer to the Soviet Union model of socialism. This has become the orthodox point of view. But the Soviet model of socialism is state socialism. This state socialism is not Karl Marx's socialism. Then what is Marx's socialism? This Paper will attempt to elucidate the following points concerning the above question. The first is that Marx's socialism is association socialism, -that is, cooperative socialism-related to the lineage of thought of Robert Owen. The second is that the necessity of cooperative socialism is an inevitable result of cooperation, or in other words, socialization of labor, based on the development of great industry since the Industrial Revolution. The third is that the advantages of a worker's cooperative factory, the core of cooperative socialism, are found especially in the possession of extra surplus value caused by economy in the appropriation of raw materials and other constant capital. The fourth is that the transition from capitalism to cooperative socialism is prepared by efforts to create cooperative factories and cooperative stores on a national scale through national centers concentrating extra surplus value and the savings of the working class. The fifth is that the spirit or principle guiding the whole cooperative should be the idea that the free development of each is the condition for the free development of all. In my view, with characteristics such as these Marx's cooperative socialism can be regarded as a possible starting point for the restoration and regeneration of socialism in the 21st century.

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