かごの形状と空隙率がかごの後流域の流速分布に及ぼす影響

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  • Effect of Shape and Open Area Ratio of Traps on Flow Speed Distribution in Downstream Region
  • カゴ ノ ケイジョウ ト クウゲキリツ ガ カゴ ノ コウリュウイキ ノ リュウソク ブンプ ニ オヨボス エイキョウ

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the shape and open area ratio of traps on the downstream flow speed distribution. The box and cylinder traps were made of an iron frame (5 mm diameter) and had dimensions of L : 0.40×W : 0.40×H : 0.22 m and D : 0.40×H : 0.22 m, respectively. In addition, two types of sidewalls were employed in this study: wooden rods and netting. For each type, five different designs were constructed by changing the interval of the wooden rods and the bar length of the netting. Each trap was set on the bottom of a flume tank. The flow speed in the rear of the trap was measured with an electromagnetic current meter. Measurements were taken at points located in the rear area of the trap, which had dimensions of 4L length×2L breadth, where L denotes the length of the trap. A total of 81 measurement points were located at the intersections of a grid that was formed by nine lines running downstream and nine lines running across the flow. The flow speeds in the flume tank were set as 0.15 and 0.30 m/s. The flow speeds measured during these experiments were converted to the ratio of the flow speed to that of a blank condition at the same point (R_v). The low flow speed (R_v<0.6) region appeared downstream from both lateral sides closest to the trap. The low flow speed region of the box traps was higher than that of the cylinder traps in the same open area ratio. However, the low downstream flow speed of box traps was not observed when the open area ratio was above 80%. In the cylinder trap, the low flow speed region was disappeared over 70% of the open area ratio. Consequently, the downstream flow speed distribution formed as a result of the shape and open area ratio of the traps affects their capture process.

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