1E26 4D肺亜細葉モデルによる気流・血流・拡散シミュレーション

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  • 1E26 Combinatory simulation study of ventilation, diffusion, and perfusion by the use of a 4D model of the human pulmonary subacinus

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I have constructed a 4D finite element model of the human subacinus based on a previously published 4D alveolar model The alveolar wall contains capillary space connecting to the pulmonary arteriole and venule, and the air space is bordered by the alveolar membrane (=type I alveolar cell + capillary endothelium + liquid film) from the capillary space. The model expands and contracts according to the respiratory cycle, and the airflow goes in and out according to the regional volume change. Oxygen in the air is transported by convection of airflow and diffusion in the air space. Oxygen is further transported into the blood space by diffusion through the alveolar membrane and by convection of the blood flow. The blood flow is driven by the blood pressure at the inlet of the capillary network, that is equal to the pulmonary arteriolar pressure. All these processes are computed by the use of computational fluid dynamics in which Navier-Stokes equation and diffusion equation are directly coupled. For the simplicity, the alveolar membrane is regarded as a fluid whose velocity is always zero, and the pressure distribution in the air space is given as the boundary condition at every time step corresponding to the mesh motion. Simulated results indicated that the venular blood oxygen concentration was dependent of the effective alveolar surface area. Contrary to the conventional theory, the lower the diffusion coefficient of alveolar membrane caused little change and the thicker membrane paradoxically caused higher venular blood oxygen concentration. This simulation study will be useful for investigating respiratory pathophysiology and for developing an artificial lung.

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