韓国における学校運営委員会の組織と機能 : 教科書選定過程に着目して

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  • The Organization and Function of School Management Councils in South Korea : Focusing on the Textbook Selection Process
  • カンコク ニ オケル ガッコウ ウンエイ イインカイ ノ ソシキ ト キノウ キョウカショ センテイ カテイ ニ チャクモク シテ

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School management councils are mandated in South Korea. Each school management council consists of parent representatives, teacher representatives including the principal, and community resident representatives. School management councils are opportunities for representatives to discuss issues regarding their schools. They have been so far introduced to Japan as the system to promote parent involvement in school. However, previous studies have not sufficiently uncovered that what influence school management councils have had on school management. This study aims tore-evaluate the system of school management councils in terms of its original principle, which is "the construction of school community through the diversification of the decision-making process". Three steps are taken in the study. First of all, descriptions of principles of the school management council system and its broad overview are made. Secondly, the historical context of the textbook selection system in South Korea is briefly explained. In the third place, the textbook selection system in a school is overviewed and analyzed based on the data that I collected by actual site visits. In conclusion, it is a crucial step that parents and community residents have become to be able to participate in the selection of textbooks. However, they did not really have discussions in a meeting that I observed about what textbook was suitable for their children. The eventual decisions were made in advance in the sub-committee comprised of only teachers, where parents could not be involved. In this sense, the principle of the school management council system, which is to diversify the decision-making process, was not realized. Including this aspect, school management councils still have many problems. On the other hand, previous studies positively evaluate the system. It is probably because they find that school management councils are conducive to solving problems that schools in South Korea confront, such as how to promote the information disclosure or the transparency of schools, which can be applied to the public administration in general in South Korea.

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