In Japan, the production of uranium and thorium minerals had been limited to the pegmatite deposits until recent years, and the number of the radioactive pegmatite deposits amounted to hundreds over whole Japan. It was, however, recognized that the most of pegmatite deposits are worthless economically, since the major part of the uranium minerals is refractory to leaching and at the same time the uranium content is rather low. Nevertheless, pegmatite deposits contain variety of useful industrial minerals; beryl, zircon, columbite, tantalite, quartz and feldspar. If the constituent minerals of pegmatite can be separated satis-factorily, therefore, the minerals may be recovered as the raw materials of useful and highly priced metals. From these points of view, beneficication of Japanese pegmatitic uranium ores have been under investigation at the Mineral Dressing Laboratory, Resources Research Institute for several years for effective utilization at competitive cost.<BR>In this.article, are sample “A” which is rich in feldspars and micas and poor in quartz, and ore sample “B” and “C” which are rich in quartz and feldspars and poor in micas, were selected for investigation as the typical pegmatitic uranium ores in Japan. In are sample “A”, many varieties of radioactive minerals such as fergusonite, columbite, samarskite and uraninite are present, and in are sample “B”, euxenite is predominant radioactive mineral accompanied with monazite, while in are sample “C”, uraninite is the only radioactive mineral.<BR>The beneficiation characteristics of these different types of are samples were investigated using gravity concentration with shaking table, magnetic concentration with dipole magnetic separator, the electrostatic separation, and flotation with fatty acid and petroleum sulfonates. The results of this study indicated that gravity concentration and flotation were the most effective processes, whereas magnetic concentration and electrostatic separation were effective only for supplementary separations. It was recognized, thereforore, that the effectiveness of beneficiation of the pegmatites depends upon the combination of these separating processes. In other words, the combination of gravity concentration and magnetic concentration were suitable for the are sample “A”, and that of gravity concentration and flotation to the are sample “B”, whereas the flotation process was the only effective method on the are sample “C”.