A study about birth of new common culture : through the history of Music association in Japan

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  • 戦後音楽運動における教養主義の変容
  • センゴ オンガク ウンドウ ニ オケル キョウヨウ シュギ ノ ヘンヨウ

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Abstract

The keyword of this study is a Japanese word, "Kyouyou", which means the high-blow culture strongly related with universities and colleges. In Japan, there was a cultural hierarchy top of which was "Kyouyou" until about 1970. At that time, "Kyouyou" was the common cultural background of Japanese people which functioned as a standard the distance of which demonstrated cultural level. Traditionally, it has been assumed that a cultural common ground is the necessary condition for a rational discussion. For example, Harbermas explained it using the word "public sphere" and, in recent years, D. Mutz insisted that whether it is good or not, cultural homogeneity promotes the discussion. Thus, studying about "Kyouyou" in Japan means to seek the base of conversation which is important factor for Democracy. For the purpose of clarifying the prosperity and decline of "Kyouyou", I adopted a historical method. As a concrete target, this article focused on the largest association of music in Japanese history. For, according to Bourdieu, music is a center of high-blow culture. The name of the association is "Ro-on", which was born in 1949. At that time, Most Japanese desired "Kyouyou". In the early days, Ro-on grew up rapidly by supplying "Kyouyou". Later, decline of Kyouyou seriously damaged Ro-on. Then Ro-on tried to create the new common music culture differing from both "Kyouyou" and simple amusement. As a result, the attempt did not succeed but it had the possibility to make a common culture shared with people from every social class. In this article, I attempt to answer the following questions, "Why Kyouyou was decline?" and "What culture will be the new common cultural ground in Japan?"

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