Study of Emulsification Mechanism in a Pressure Type Homogenizer

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  • 圧力式ホモジナイザーの乳化メカニズムに関する研究

Abstract

Emulsification technique is used in broad fields, such as food, chemistry, and medical treatment, and the range of use has been spreading still more. A pressure type homogenizer consists of a plunger pump and a valve part with a narrow channel. It generates the effects of shear, a turbulent flow and cavitation at very short time, and then makes a homogeneous emulsification state. If the flow pattern in the valve can be solved in more detail, the more effective and stabilized emulsification will be attained. However, since the measurement of the size, the pressure and the flow velocity in a narrow gap space by experiments is difficult, the details of the mechanism of emulsification by the shear, the turbulent flow, the cavitation and a collision have not been clarified enough. In this research, the size of gap is first calculated from the theoretical equation assumed to be laminar flow, based on the Reynolds number of the gap flow. Next, the pressure, the flow velocity, shearing stress, etc. are calculated. Then, the emulsification mechanism of each part of the valve is clarified by expressing the droplet size as a function of the gap size, the shearing stress and the exit velocity.

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