Acute otitis media associated with influenza virus infection

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  • インフルエンザに伴う急性中耳炎症例の検討

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We studied 99 children who were diagnosed as having acute otitis media (AOM) associated witr influenza A and B virus infection at the Department of Otolaryngology and Pediatrics, Tohoku Rosa: Hospital from February to May, 2001 (2001 Season) and from January to June, 2002 (2002 Season). The incidence of AOM were 10.9% of influenza A and 31.7% of influenza B in 2001 Season, and 18.1% of influenza A and 7.3% of influenza B in 2002 Season. The mean age of AOM were 1.4 years old of influenza A and 3.2 of influenza B in 2001 Season, and 1.7 of influenza A and 2.9 of influenza B in 2002 Season. In children below 2 years of age, the incidence of AOM was higher (38.7%). In 97 cases, 54 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 34 of Haemophilus influenzae and 64 of Moraxella catarrhalis were recovered from the nasal swab. In contrast, only 11 isolates of S. pneumoniae, 7 of H. influenzae and 3 of M. catarrhalis were recovered from the middle ear effusion (MEE) in 80 cases. In 19 cases of influenza B in 2001 Season in which influenza virus antigen detection from MEE were performed by using detection kit, 17 cases were positive. In 43 cases of influenza A in 2002 Season in which influenza virus antigen detection from MEE were performed by using detection kit, viral culture, or RT-PCR, 10 cases were positive in SOME methods. In 13 cases of influenza B in 2002 Season by detection kit or viral culture, 6 cases were positive, In conclusion, the cases with influenza virus infection were a high risk of AOM especially infant and young children. Our results suggest in some cases of influenza virus infection, the main etiology of AOM is influenza virus.

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