Biological Properties of Fucoidans Differing in Molecular Weight and Composition: Effects on Lymphocyte Proliferation and Immunological Function

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  • Piao JinHua
    Department of Molecular Immunology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
  • Ikehara Yukari
    Okinawa Fermentation Technology Co., Ltd.
  • Sasaki Tsutomu
    Okinawa Fermentation Technology Co., Ltd.
  • Miyagi Takeshi
    Okinawa Fermentation Technology Co., Ltd.
  • Azuma Miyuki
    Department of Molecular Immunology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University

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Other Title
  • 分子量および構成成分の違いによるフコイダンの生物活性―リンパ球の増殖と免疫機能への影響―
  • ブンシリョウ オヨビ コウセイ セイブン ノ チガイ ニ ヨル フコイダン ノ セイブツ カッセイ リンパキュウ ノ ゾウショク ト メンエキ キノウ エ ノ エイキョウ
  • Effects on Lymphocyte Proliferation and Immunological Function
  • リンパ球の増殖と免疫機能への影響

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We examined the effects of fucoidans differing in molecular weight and composition extracted from Cladosiphon okamuranus Tokida and Fucus vesiculosus on lymphocyte-mediated immunological function and the proliferative responses of normal lymphocytes and leukemic cells. Fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus, which contains a low proportion of uronic acid and a high proportion of sulfate, strongly inhibited the proliferative responses of normal activated lymphocytes and leukemic cells and induction of apoptosis. In contrast, fucoidan from Cladosiphon okamuranus which contains a higher proportion of uronic acid and a lower proportion of sulfate, exhibited both mitogenic activity against normal T lymphocytes and efficient production of inflammatory cytokines from macrophages at low concentrations. These fucoidans showed less inhibitory activity against leukemic cells and activated lymphocytes. Our results suggest that the biological properties of fucoidans as either immuno-stimulators or apoptosis inducers may be dependent on molecular weight, or differences in the components of polysaccharides.

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