Growth and Development of Spring-Planting Garlic in Cold Climate Regions of Japan

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  • 寒冷地におけるニンニクの生育の様相と春植え栽培
  • カンレイチ ニ オケル ニンニク ノ セイイク ノ ヨウソウ ト シュンウエ

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The growth and development of several garlic cultivars planted in autumn and spring were compared in a cold district, and principles of spring-planting culture were studied.<br>The shoot growth of autumn-planted garlics during the autumn was generally small. Local cultivars in cold districts (=north cultivars) made less growth during the autumn than warm-district cultivars (=south cultivars), and the north late-maturing cultivars made the least growth. The shoot sizes and bulb yields of the north late-maturing cultivars planted in spring were not much less than those of the autumn-planted ones. However, the sizes and yields of the spring-planted south cultivars were much less than those of the autumn-planted ones.<br>The maturity dates of autumn- and spring-planted garlics of each cultivar were almost the same. However, in the north cultivars, spring-planted garlics continued vigorous bulb growth until later than autumn-planted ones.<br>In spring-planting culture, most cultivars formed intermediate and/or single-cloved bulbs. The rates of such abnormal bulbs of the north cultivars were lower than those of the south ones, and those of the north late-maturing cultivars were much lower.<br>Maximum bulb yield of spring-planted garlics was produced when cloves were first stored at outdoor temperatures and then at -2°C from early winter to the planting date.<br>Spring-planting culture of garlic in cold districts was a promising cropping procedure when the north late-maturing cultivars were used.

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