Influence of Embryo-sac Development and Fertilization Processes on Seed Formationof Japanese Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L. f.) cv. Fuyu.

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  • カキ‘富有’のはいのう形成と受精過程が種子形成に及ぼす影響
  • カキ‘富有'の胚のう形成と受精過程が種子形成に及ぼす影響
  • カキ フユウ ノ ハイノウ ケイセイ ト ジュセイ カテイ ガ シュシ ケイセ

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Abstract

Embryo-sac development and fertilization processes of Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki L. f.) cv. Fuyu were histologically investigated to clarify the cause of variations inseed formation among the trees.<BR>1. The embryo-sac was formed after meiotic division of the embryo mother cell about 2 weeks before anthesis. One nucleus in the embryo-sac divided into 8 nuclei and the embryo-sac was completed after the antipodal cell disappeared.<BR>2. Abnormal embryo-sac formation was observed : a) presence of a nucellus but lacking an embryo-sac, b) multiplied embryo-sacs, c) aborted embryo-sacs, and d) embryosacs with more or less than normal 8 nuclei.<BR>3. Pollen tubes reached the micropyles 24 or more hours after pollination, but their numbers were few.<BR>4. Most fertilization of eggs occurred 3 days after anthesis. Without zygote formation embryo-sacs began to degenerate in about 7 days, followed by the inner walls of the nucellus fusing together.<BR>5. On vigorous shoots, meiotic division of the embryo-sac mother cell began earlier and the development of the embryo-sacs was faster than on less vigorous shoots. However, there were no differences in the percentage of abnormal embryo-sacs at anthesis and seed numbers per fruit on shoots of different lengths.<BR>6. The percentage of abnormal embryo-sacs was low in the tree which produced many seeds per fruit and, conversely, it was high in the tree which produced a few seeds per fruit.<BR>We conclude that the variations in seed formation among the trees probably resulted from their difference in the frequency of abnormal embryo-sacs.

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