リンゴの品種および交配実生間における交配不親和について

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  • Incompatibility in the cross-pollination of apple varieties and their hybrids
  • リンゴ ノ ヒンシュ オヨビ コウハイ ミショウ カン ニ オケル コウハイ フシンワ ニ ツイテ

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A number of cross-pollination tests were carried out from 1959 to 1961 among 20 commercial apple varieties and 31 of their hybrids bred at our Station.<br>Unfruitfulness was observed in the crosses between hybrids and their parents. The hybrid G. Y 44 or G. Y 53 (G. Y shows a hybrid obtained from the cross between Golden Delicious (_??_) and Yellow Newtown (_??_)) did not pollinize Yellow Newtown satisfactorily and the same was true of the reciprocal pollination. G. Y 44 also did not well pollinize G. Y 53. Pollination between either of these hybrids and Golden Delicious did not show unfruitfulness. Dr. KIKUCHI found in Japanese pear such an unfruitfulness in the cross-pollination between hybrids and their father. Most pear hybrids which were incompatible to their father were incompatible each other too. He called this phenomenon“patroclinal incompatibility”.<br>Pollination was unsuccessful in the following pairs of the hybrids raised from the same parents: M. W 107 & M. W 30 (the cross between McIntosh and Worcester Pearmain); J. G 84 & J. G 51 (Jonathan× Golden Delicious); J. W 50 & J. W 32 (Jonathan× Worcester Pearmain) and R. D 329 & R. D 125 (Ralls× Delicious).<br>Unfruitfulness was often observed in the crossing between certain hybrids having either same mother or father. Those pairs were as follows: Megumi (R. J) & J. G 51; Red Gold (G. D) & J. G 51. This phenomenon seems to be explained by the hypothesis of oppositional factors.<br>Any cross between hybrids which descended from different parents is compatible each other, excepting a case in which R. J 259 (Ralls×Jonathan) pollinated with Red Gold bore only a few fruits for two successive years.<br>Several hybrids and varieties poorly pollinized Early Red Bird variety. But this seemed to be caused by a certain mechanism other than cross- incompatibility, because in the reciprocal pollination high fruit set resulted.<br>Pollen of any variety or hybrid employed in this work germinated well on artificial medium. Even the pollen of J. G 51 which failed to pollinize well Megumi and Red Gold, germinated normally. <br>Yellow Newton pollinated by G. Y 44 and J. G 84 pollinated by J. G 51 set few fruits. But the seeds obtained from these fruits germinated well in sand bed and resulted in healthy seedlings.<br>The hybrid seedlings obtained in this work had often three cotyledons. Frequency of such seedlings varied with cross-combinations. It was especially high in the crossing in which Orei was used as a female parent.

収録刊行物

  • 園芸学会雑誌

    園芸学会雑誌 32 (2), 96-102, 1963

    一般社団法人　園芸学会

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