Numerical taxonomy of Mycobacterium fortuitum

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  • TSUKAMURA Michio
    National Sanatorium, Chubu Chest Hospital Department of Bacteriology, Medical Faculty, Nagoya University
  • TSUKAMURA Sumio
    National Sanatorium, Chubu Chest Hospital Department of Bacteriology, Medical Faculty, Nagoya University
  • MIZUNO Shoji
    National Sanatorium, Chubu Chest Hospital Department of Bacteriology, Medical Faculty, Nagoya University

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  • Numerical Taxonomy of <i>Mycobacterium fortuitum</i>

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Forty-nine strains of Mycobacterium fortuitum, three strains named M. runyonii and three rapid-growers from sputa of patients with pulmonary disease were subjected to numerical classification based upon 101 characters. Fifty strains formed a large cluster and were considered to belong to M. fortuitum. Within this cluster, two subclusters could be differentiated. One subcluster consisted of three strains identified as M. runyonii, three rapid-growers and eight strains identified as M. fortuitum. This subcluster, which was partially connected with the other subcluster, was named M. fortuitunz subsp. runyonii. The other subcluster was considered to be typical M. fortuitum; M. fortuitum subsp. fortuitum. The subspecies runyonii could be differentiated from the typical M. fortuitum by the following characteristics: The strains often (i) were unable to reduce nitrate; (ii) lacked allantoinase; (iii) did not utilize ethanol, propanol, propylene glycol and 1, 3-butylene glycol as sole carbon sources; (iv) did not utilize acetamide as the sole, simultaneous nitrogen and carbon sources. A variety of M. fortuitum capable of growing at 45C could also be differentiated from the usual strains that did not grow at 45C by other characters. This variety utilized neither mannitol nor sorbitol as sole carbon sources, formed no acid from trehalose and mannitol, and usually did not utilize propylene glycol as a sole carbon source. Biochemical characters of the typical M. fortuitum (M. fortuitum subsp. fortuitum) are described in detail.

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