Dietary Iron Overload: Short- and Long-Term Effects on Cecal Morphometry in Growing Rats

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  • LOBO Alexandre Rodrigues
    Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo
  • COCATO Maria Lucia
    Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo Anhembi Morumbi University
  • DE SÁ Lilian Rose Marques
    Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, University of São Paulo
  • COLLI Célia
    Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo

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In animal models, Fe overload is associated with organ oxidative stress and tissue injury. In this context, luminal Fe may affect the mucosal barrier and function or generate a pathological milieu in the intestine that triggers epithelial cell stress. Here, we hypothesized that increased liver Fe levels resulting from dietary Fe overload may be associated with architectural changes in the cecal mucosa. Weanling male Wistar rats (n=7-10/group) were fed diets (modified from AIN-93G) containing adequate or supplemental Fe (approximately 10 times the recommended levels) for 4 and 12 wk. At euthanasia, the blood Hb was determined, and Fe analyses were performed in stool and liver samples using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Cecal tissue was collected for histological and morphometric analysis. No significant differences were observed in the blood Hb or Hb Fe pool between groups in either period. Iron overload led to a higher fecal Fe excretion, whereas the liver Fe was increased only after 12 wk when compared with controls. After 4 wk, the consumption of Fe-overloaded diets resulted in changes in the mucosal architecture of the cecum, which were intensified after 12 wk. At this time, these changes were significantly correlated with the hepatic Fe content. These findings suggest that changes in the cecal mucosa may have occurred as a result of oxidative stress caused by excessive amounts of Fe in the intestinal lumen. The consequences of these effects on the intestinal absorption and its implications for liver Fe homeostasis should be considered in future studies.

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