Regional Variation in the Levels of Macular Xanthophylls and Carotenoids in Dietary Components: Comparing North and South India

DOI Web Site 参考文献65件
  • VELPANDIAN Thirumurthy
    Department of Ocular Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
  • ARORA Beauty
    Department of Ocular Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
  • SENTHILKUMARI Srinivasan
    Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Dr. G. Venkataswamy Eye Research Institute
  • RAVI Alok Kumar
    Department of Ocular Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
  • GAYATHRI Chandrasekar
    Department of Ocular Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
  • AZAD Rajvardhan
    Department of Vitreoretinal Diseases and Trauma, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
  • GHOSE Supriyo
    Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Oculoplasty, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences

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Multiple epidemiological studies have emphasized the intake of dark green leafy vegetables rich in xanthophylls in reducing the risk of developing age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Therefore, the present study was undertaken to quantify the levels of major carotenoids in commonly consumed fruits and vegetables of Indian origin and of xanthophylls in the macula of Indian human donor eyes. Fresh fruits (n=20) and vegetables (n=51) collected from two zones of India were tested for the estimation of xanthophyll, lycopene and β-carotene by using HPLC with Photodiode Array Detection. Lutein and zeaxanthin were quantified from macula and in selected vegetables collected from both southern (SI) and northern (NI) regions of India. Xanthophylls, β-carotene and lycopene were found in many affordable vegetables commonly available for consumption in India. Higher content of lutein and zeaxanthin was confirmed in many economical leafy vegetables and fruits. Surprisingly, the mean macular levels of lutein and zeaxanthin of SI donor eyes (n=13) were found to be significantly (p<0.001) four times less than in NI donor eyes (n=15) and the macular levels of Northern India were comparable with reported levels in western populations. The present study showed considerable levels of xanthophylls in many of the commonly consumed fruit and vegetable sources in both parts of India. However, SI donor eyes showed lower levels as compared to NI donors and this warrants further investigation about the bioavailability of xanthophylls in their blood and food intake. The relevance of these findings with prevalence of AMD in South India needs to be explored.

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