Evaluation of the Mantis, <i>Paratenodera aridifolia</i> as a Mortality Factor of the Pine Moth, <i>Dendrolimus spectabilis</i> in Young Pine Plantations

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  • マツカレハの死亡要因としてのオオカマキリ
  • マツカレハの死亡要因としてのオオカマキリ〔英文〕
  • マツカレハ ノ シボウ ヨウイン トシテノ オオカマキリ エイブン

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Abstract

P. aridifolia is one of the mortality factors of D. spectabilis. The density of P. aridifolia, however, do not seem related to the density of D. spectabilis. Therefore, population trends of P. aridifolia were studied first, then the effects of P. aridifolia on D. spectabilis population were observed in pine plantations. Dispersal and large mortalities of P. aridifolia were observed in their young instar periods. The mortalities were caused by cannibalism and predation by ants and spiders. Adults numbers were kept at low levels in all study plots regardless of their numbers in the 1st-instar larval period. The spatial distributions of egg masses and hatched larvae were contagious, but changed to uniform in June and July. An aggregation of P. aridifolia to high D. spectabilis density was observed under the condition of shortage of food materials. Although an adult or a full grown larva of P. aridifolia spent only 2_??_3 minutes in eating 3rd-instar larva of D. spectabilis, less than one larva was captured by one P. aridifolia in one day in pine plantations. It was explained by the feeding behaviour of the pine moth and searching behaviour of the mantis. The duration of larval stages suitable for predation was longer than one month, and a relatively large number of the larvae would be killed by P. aridifolia in pine plantations. The mortality caused by the mantis was density independent.

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