Change in tensile strength of Japanese red pine roots after death by fire

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  • アカマツ根の山火枯死・腐朽に伴う引張強度の低下
  • アカマツコン ノ サン カコシ フキュウ ニ トモナウ ヒッパリ キョウド ノ

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Abstract

Roots of Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) were collected from an undisturbed natural pine forest and from four burnt pine forests in south Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan, where fires had occurred in different years. Roots (1≤φ≤50mm) that were collected were measured for their tensile strength. The tensile strength per cross-sectional area of fine roots was greater than that of large roots when roots were living. After the death by fire and as time passed, the tensile strength of all sizes of roots became weaker, especially the fine roots. Before and just after a fire, the tensile strength near the outside edge of the cross-section of a root was greater than that at the center of it. However, as time passed after a fire, the more the tensile strength near the edge decreased, whereas that at the center changed little. According to these phenomena, a mathematical model describing the relationship between the tensile strength of both living and dead roots and their cross-sectional areas is proposed. Results of calculations with the model suggest that the tensile strength for holding soil by a root system almost will be lost within 7 or 8 years after a fire. This is more rapid than the rates for other tree species obtained by other authors.

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