Estimation of Effect of Lipid Lowering Treatment on Total Mortality Rate and Its Cost-Effectiveness Determined by Intervention Study of Hypercholesterolemia

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  • KAME Chihoko
    Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
  • BABAZONO Akira
    Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Kyushu University
  • YAMAMOTO Eiji
    Department of Information Science, Faculty of Informatics, Okayama University of Science

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  • 総コレステロール高値の治療者データを利用した高脂血症治療薬の死亡率への影響とその経済評価
  • ソウ コレステロール コウチ ノ チリョウシャ データ オ リヨウ シタ コウシケツショウ チリョウヤク ノ シボウリツ エ ノ エイキョウ ト ソノ ケイザイ ヒョウカ

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Abstract

Objectives: Total cholesterol (TC) level reduction decreases coronary heart disease (CHD) risk, but it is also associated with an increase in non-CHD mortality rate. Our objectives are to estimate the effect of TC level reduction on total mortality and other mortalities in the Japanese population using published data and to analyze the cost-effectiveness of drug therapy.<br>Methods: We analyzed three data sets for the estimation. The first data set comprised Japanese mortality rates of cardiac diseases, cerebrovascular/other vascular diseases, malignancy, and all causes according to sex and age. The second data set comprised the distributions of serum TC levels in the Japanese population. The third data set comprised the relative risks of mortality rates for the above causes according to the TC level classified into discrete intervals of 20mg/dl from an intervention study. We estimated the mortality rates of people aged 30-69, with each TC level classification group on the basis of each cause. On the assumption that TC level decreases from 240-259mg/dl to 160-179mg/dl or 180-199mg/dl with drug therapy, we calculated the differences between the mortalities of the classification. When we found a positive effect of TC level reduction, we performed cost-effectiveness analyses of Number Needed to Treat (NNT).<br>Results: TC level reduction increased the mortality rates except for that of cardiac diseases, and the NNT for cardiac diseases was in the range of 4,202-17,533. The cost of simvastatin, for example, was 0.25-1.05 billion yen per year.<br>Conclusions: TC level reduction from 240-259mg/dl to 160-199mg/dl leads to an increase in total mortality rate in the Japanese population. The treatment should be reevaluated from both viewpoints of risk benefit and cost-effectiveness.

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