Multilocus Sequence Typing and DNA Similarity Analysis Implicates that a <i>Borrelia valaisiana</i>–related sp. Isolated in Japan is Distinguishable from European <i>B. valaisiana</i>

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  • KAWABATA Hiroki
    Department of Bacteriology-I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162–8640, Japan
  • TAKANO Ai
    Department of Bacteriology-I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162–8640, Japan Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677–1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753–8515, Japan
  • KADOSAKA Teruki
    Department of Infection and Immunity, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480–1195, Japan
  • FUJITA Hiromi
    Mahara Institute of Medical Acarology, Tokushima 779–1510, Japan
  • NITTA Yoshiki
    Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Animal Health, Okinawa 900–0024, Japan
  • GOKUDEN Mutsuyo
    Kagoshima Prefectural Institute of Environmental Research and Public Health, Kagoshima 892–0853, Japan
  • HONDA Toshiro
    Kagoshima Prefectural Institute of Environmental Research and Public Health, Kagoshima 892–0853, Japan Kaseda Public Health Center, Kagoshima 897–0001, Japan
  • TOMIDA Junko
    School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuen University, Aichi 464–8650, Japan
  • KAWAMURA Yoshiaki
    School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuen University, Aichi 464–8650, Japan
  • MASUZAWA Toshiyuki
    Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba Institute of Science, Chiba 288–0025, Japan
  • ISHIGURO Fubito
    Fukui Prefectural Institute of Health and Environmental Science, Fukui 910–8551, Japan
  • TAKADA Nobuhiro
    Department of Pathological Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui 910–1193, Japan
  • YANO Yasuhiro
    Department of Pathological Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui 910–1193, Japan
  • ANDOH Masako
    Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162–8640, Japan
  • ANDO Shuji
    Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162–8640, Japan
  • SATO Kozue
    Department of Bacteriology-I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162–8640, Japan
  • TAKAHASHI Hideyuki
    Department of Bacteriology-I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162–8640, Japan
  • OHNISHI Makoto
    Department of Bacteriology-I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162–8640, Japan

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  • Multilocus Sequence Typing and DNA Similarity Analysis Implicates that a Borrelia valaisiana-related sp. Isolated in Japan is Distinguishable from European B. valaisiana

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Abstract

Lyme disease Borrelia spp. are transmitted by Ixodes ticks, and more than 10 species of borreliae have been identified around the world. Recently, another Borrelia sp. has been reported in Asia (Japan, Korea, China, Taiwan and Thailand) as Borrelia valaisiana-related sp. In the present study, we obtained and genetically characterized 19 B. valaisiana-related sp. strains from mammals and ticks. Genetic analyses showed that the Borrelia strains were distinct from B. valaisiana found in Europe. Multilocus sequence typing revealed that these Borrelia isolates formed a monophyletic group with B. yangtze strains in China. Some of the strains were isolated from the bladders of small mammals, and also two strains were experimentally confirmed to be infectious in C3H/HeN mice. We observed that the Borrelia sp. was maintained in the Ixodes granulatus tick after molting. These results suggested that small mammals and I. granulatus were possible reservoir hosts and the vector tick for the Borrelia sp., respectively. B. valaisiana, originally found in Europe, was transmitted mainly by I. ricinus, and birds were mainly thought to be reservoir hosts. Our results suggested that Japanese isolates of B. yangtze (formerly B. valaisiana-related sp.) were distinguishable from B. valaisiana according to the reservoir host and its vector tick. In this study, we also deposited borrelia strain Okinawa-CW62 into bioresource centers as a reference strain of B. yangtze(=DSM 24625, JCM 17189).

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