Surgery : Effects of Lidocaine, Dexmedetomidine or Their Combination on the Minimum Alveolar Concentration of Sevoflurane in Dogs

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  • MORAN-MUÑOZ Rafael
    Department of Veterinary Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, México
  • IBANCOVICHI J. A.
    Department of Veterinary Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, México
  • Gutierrez-BLANCO Eduardo
    Department of Preventive Medicine and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Merida, México
  • ACEVEDO-ARCIQUE Carlos M.
    Department of Veterinary Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, México
  • Victoria MORA J. Mauro
    Department of Veterinary Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, México
  • TENDILLO Francisco J.
    Medical and Surgical Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Manuel de Falla 1, Madrid Spain
  • SANTOS-GONZALEZ Martin
    Medical and Surgical Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Manuel de Falla 1, Madrid Spain
  • YAMASHITA Kazuto
    Department of Small Animal Clinical Seiences, School of Veterinary Medecine Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido Japan

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  • Effects of Lidocaine, Dexmedetomidine or Their Combination on the Minimum Alveolar Concentration of Sevoflurane in Dogs

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The aim of this study was to determine the effects of lidocaine (LIDO) and dexmedetomidine (DEX) or their combination (LIDO–DEX), administered by constant-rate infusion (CRI), on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane in dogs. Seven healthy mongrel dogs were used with a 2-week washout interval between treatments in this study. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with sevoflurane in oxygen, and MAC of sevoflurane was determined after 90 min equilibration period in the dogs (SEV-MACBASAL). Then, sevoflurane MAC was determined again in the dogs after 45 min equilibration period of one of the following treatments: an intravenous loading dose of lidocaine 2 mg/kg followed by 6 mg/kg/hr CRI (SEV-MACLIDO); an intravenous loading dose of dexmedetomidine 2 µg/kg followed by 2 µg/kg/hr CRI (SEV-MACDEX); or their combination (SEV-MACLIDO-DEX). These SEV-MACs were determined in duplicate. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc Tuckey test when appropriate. The SEV-MACBASAL was 1.82 ± 0.06%, SEV-MACLIDO was 1.38 ± 0.08%, SEV-MACDEX was 1.22 ± 0.10%, and SEV-MACLIDO-DEX was 0.78 ± 0.06%. The CRI administration of lidocaine, dexmedetomidine and their combination produced a significant reduction in the MAC of sevoflurane by 26.1 ± 9.0% (P<0.0001), 43.7 ± 11.8% (P<0.0002) and 54.4 ± 9.8% (P<0.0001), respectively. The MAC reduction was significantly greater after the CRI combination of lidocaine and dexmedetomidine when compared with lidocaine CRI (P<0.0001) or dexmedetomidine CRI treatments (P<0.025).

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