Pathology : Eosinophilic Granuloma with Splendore-Hoeppli Material Caused by Toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans in a Heifer

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  • MURAKAMI Kenji
    Naka-Sorachi Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, 1–5–14 Omachi, Takikawa 073–0022, Japan
  • HATA Eiji
    Hokkaido Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, 4 Hitsujigaoka, Toyohira, Sapporo 062–0045, Japan
  • HATAMA Shinichi
    Hokkaido Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, 4 Hitsujigaoka, Toyohira, Sapporo 062–0045, Japan
  • WADA Yoshihiro
    Ishikari Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 3 Hitsujigaoka, Toyohira, Sapporo 062–0045, Japan
  • ITO Mitsuru
    Tokachi Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 59–6 Kisen, Kawanishi, Obihiro 089–1182, Japan
  • ISHIKAWA Yoshiharu
    Hokkaido Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, 4 Hitsujigaoka, Toyohira, Sapporo 062–0045, Japan
  • KADOTA Koichi
    Hokkaido Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, 4 Hitsujigaoka, Toyohira, Sapporo 062–0045, Japan

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  • Eosinophilic Granuloma with Splendore-Hoeppli Material Caused by Toxigenic <i>Corynebacterium ulcerans</i> in a Heifer

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Raised lesions were present on the left nasal vestibule of a 20-month-old Japanese Brown heifer. The largest mass which caused partial nasal obstruction was removed surgically. Corynebacterium ulcerans was identified in the mass. 16S ribosomal RNA and RNA polymerase beta subunit genes were 100% and 98% identical to other C. ulcerans strains. Histologically, multiple foci of eosinophilic granuloma with Splendore-Hoeppli material were seen. Rod-shaped Gram-positive organisms were detected with metachromatic granules, producing diphtheria toxin with 5, 30 and 48 amino acid differences to another C. ulcerans strain, C. diphtheriae or C. pseudotuberculosis, respectively. The toxin is highly cytotoxic and may be responsible for the formation of abundant Splendore-Hoeppli material. The lesion was therefore judged to be an allergic reaction to bacterial antigens or diphtheria toxin.

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