ヨトウガの相変異

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  • On the Phase Variation of the Cabbage Armyworm, <i>Barathra brassicae</i> L.
  • ヨトウガ ノ ソウ ヘンイ 5
  • V. The Effect of Food Plant on the Density Dependent Variations in the Larval and Pupal Stages
  • V. 異なる食草で飼育した場合の幼虫およびさなぎの形質に対する密度の働き

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The main object of this work is to ascertain whether there is any effect of food plant on the appearance of certain density dependent variations in the larval and pupal stages.<br>The young leaves of seven different plants, goosefoot (Chenopodium centrorubrum), cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), Pak-Choi (B. chinensis), Chinese cabbage (B. pekinensis), redradish (hatuka-daikon; Raphanus sativus var. macropodus), spinach (Spinacea oleracea), and potato (Solanum tuberosum) were prepared as the food for the larvae. Hatches from an egg mass deposited by a female were kept at densities of 10 larvae per glass tube (200cc) as crowded culture and 1 per tube (50cc) as solitary culture on every food plant. The rearing experiment was conducted in a thermostat at 25°C and darkness.<br>The results are summarized as follows:<br>1. The 5th instar larvae of the solitary culture showed great diversity in colouration, possibly related to the quality of food plant, while in the crowded culture, it was not great and the darker larvae were predominant on every food plant. This indicates that whatever influence food plants might have on the body colour of the larvae, it was overshadowed by the influence exerted by crowding.<br>2. Crowding induces a more rapid development on goosefoot, cabbage, Pack-Choi, Chinese cabbage, red-radish and spinach, and a more slower development on potato. The mean duration of larval stage in the crowded cultures was highly variable between the batches fed on different food plants compared with that in the solitary cultures. From these results it might be considered that the effect of crowding in accelerating development was not constant, being influenced by the food plant.<br>3. The lower the favourableness of the food plant the lower was the mortality caused by crowding in the larval stage. In this case the sex ratio indicates that females suffered from a higher mortality than males.<br>4. Though the crowding in the larval stage produced smaller pupae on every food plant, the effect of larval density on pupal weight varied with different food plants.<br>5. The ratio of diapausing pupae was fluctuated from 0 to 40 per cent among cultures. But, in this case, the larval density had no conspicuous effect on the production of diapausing pupae.

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