Ecological Studies on a Field Population of the Citrus Leaf Miner, <i>Phyllocnistis citrella</i> STAINTON (Lepidoptera: Pyhllocnistidae), with Special Reference to Spatial Distribution Pattern

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  • IKEMOTO Takaya
    Labolatory of Applied Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka Univ.

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  • ミカンハモグリガ個体群の動態
  • ミカンハモグリガ個体群の動態 : とくに分布構造の面から
  • ミカンハモグリガ コタイグン ノ ドウタイ トクニ ブンプ コウゾウ ノ メン カラ
  • とくに分布構造の面から

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Numerical changes in space and time of a population of the citrus leaf miner, Phyllocnistis citrella, were studied in an orchard of Citrus unshiu M. The larvae on shoots or on trees were distributed contagiously. The analysis with the m-m regression method indicated that the basic component of larval distribution was not a single individual but a group of individuals (loose clump) and such basic components were distributed contagiously over the field. The former seemed to be related with the fact that an ovipositing female tended to lay her eggs successively on neighbouring leaves, and the latter with the heterogeneity of habitat condition as indicated by the presence of a positive correlation between the number of larvae and the number of shoots per tree. The distribution of eggs on the minor unit, say leaf, was rather uniform at low densities but it became contagious at high densities. This pattern appeared to have resulted from two opposing factors: ovipositing females might have some tendency to avoid the leaves already oviposited, and they preferred the young leaves to the old ones. The distribution of later-stage larvae per leaf fitted well to the zero-truncated Poisson series, which might be expected when the mortality processes in egg and larval period acted at random on the population. Mortality processes during the later-larval and pupal stages took place contagiously (all-or-none fashion), resulting in the increased variability in local population density within the experimental plot. It was suggested, however, that the intensity of their action was dependent on the overall population density in the plot.

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