家蚕における集合性行動の研究

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タイトル別名
  • Studies of the Aggregative Behaviour of the Silk-worm, <i>Bombyx mori</i> L.
  • カサン ニ オケル シュウゴウセイ コウドウ ノ ケンキュウ 2
  • II. On the Sense Organs related to the Aggregative Behaviour
  • 第2報 集合性行動に関係する感覚器官について

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In the previous paper, the author showed the presence of an aggregative behaviour in the silk-worm. This paper dealt with the experiments on the sense organs involved in this behaviour.<br>At first, for examination of the role of the visual sense, experiments were carried out in a dark-room utilizing the same method as in the previous series. When the results were compared with those of the experiments under the light condition, no shift in aggregative rate (after 60min.) was noticed, being about 85 per cent in darkness and 89 per cent under light. Graphs of these rates also showed similar patterns in both experiments.<br>Secondly, the role of the contact sense in this behaviour was tested by using several models such as piece of wood, paper or rubber of the same size to the silk-worm. The response of worms to these models was observed. The behaviour of silk-worm individuals against these models was completely different from, and the rate of response was much lower than in the case of mutual reaction among the live silk-worm.<br>Finally, the significance of olfactory sense was analyzed. Starch paste was applied at the site of olfactory pore openings, and the behaviour of so treated worms was observed. They showed an aggregative rate (after 60min.) of only about 32 per cent. The behavioral conduct was different from that of intact ones which showed an aggregative rate of 83 per cent after 60min. It was therefore apparent that the covering of the olfactory pores influenced anyhow on the aggregative behaviour. Yet, those individuals with their olfactory pores covered did not show any remarkable tendency to loose contact if they had been kept in contact each other from the beginning. They were less dispersed from initial site even after 60min.<br>From these experiments, it is likely that the visual sense has almost no concern with the mechanism of this aggregative behaviour, and the silk-worms recognize each other by means of olfactory sense and come in contact, then firmly keep contact to induce an aggregative state. It is possibly the contact sense that plays a major role in the lattter process.<br>It follows therefore that both olfactory and contact senses are involved in the mechanism of this aggregative behaviour of the silk-worm.

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