イネからの安息香酸とサリチル酸の分離と,それらのニカメイガ幼虫ならびにイモチ病菌,イネゴマハガレ病菌の胞子発芽に及ぼす影響

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  • Isolation of Benzoic and Salicylic Acids from the Rice Plant as Growth-inhibiting Factors for the Rice Stem Borer (<i>Chilo suppressalis</i> WALKER) and Some Rice Plant Fungus Pathogens
  • イネ カラ ノ アンソクコウサン ト サリチルサン ノ ブンリ ト , ソレラ ノ ニカメイガ ヨウチュウ ナラビニ イモチ ビョウキン , イネゴマハガレ ビョウキン ノ ホウシ ハツガ ニ オヨボス エイキョウ エイブン

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During the course of nutritional studies on the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis, it was found that the rice plant contains certain factors which inhibit the growth and development of larvae. Extraction and isolation of these factors from the rice plant and feeding tests with larvae on synthetic food media under aseptic conditions, were undertaken in order to characterize them. The results obtained were as follows.<br>1) The rice plant contains certain growth inhibiting substances against rice stem borer larvae, even though the rice plant is the principal host plant of the insect.<br>2) Factors having high potencies were extractable with ether from water-extract of rice plants. The growth inhibiting activity was found in several fractions of the ether extract, showing that there are many factors responsible to the growth inhibition of the larvae. Among the fractions of the ether-extract, neutral and basic substances showed higher potency than acidic substances.<br>3) From the acidic fraction, benzoic and salicylic acids were detected. Occurrence of benzoic and salicylic acids in the rice plant has hitherto not been recorded.<br>4) The growth of larvae was clearly inhibited by adding benzoic or salicylic acid to their food medium at a concentration of about 1.4 per cent on dry weight basis. Many of the larvae could not grow and died on a food medium containing more than about 3 per cent of these acids.<br>5) Benzoic and salicylic acids have also inhibiting effects on spore-germination of the rice blast fungus, Piricularia oryzae, and the brown spot fungus, Cochliobolus miyabeanus. Spores of both species could not germinate at a concentration of 0.1 per cent of the acids; and even with 0.01 per cent of salicylic acid, spores of the latter species were unable to germinate.

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