リンゴ園における害虫類の発生予察

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Forecasting the Outbreak of Destructive Insects in Apple Orchards
  • リンゴエン ニ オケル ガイチュウルイ ノ ハッセイ ヨサツ 3
  • III. Forecasting the Initial Date of Hatch in Respect of the Overwintering Eggs of the European Red Mite, <i>Panonychus ulmi</i> (KOCH), in Aomori Prefecture
  • III. リンゴハダニ越冬卵のふ化初発日の予察について

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The European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (KOCH), has become one of the most serious pests in the apple orchards in Aomori Prefecture since 1950. It is very important to find the initial date of hatch of winter eggs from the economical standpoint. In the present paper, therefore, attempts were made to determine the total effective and the lower limit temperatures for the development of winter eggs based on data during the period 1951-1960 except 1953. The relations between the initial date of hatch from winter eggs and the climatic conditions or the state of growth of some apple varieties were also analyzed. The results are as follows:<br>1. It is proved that the total effective temperature of 195.4 day-degrees C was required to complete the development of winter eggs and that a temperature of about 7°C was the developmental zero.<br>2. It is found that there is high correlation between the initial date of hatch and the total temperature during the period from March to April 25th, 30th and May 1st of the said nine years.<br>3. As a result of examining the relation between climatic conditions and the initial dates of hatch, there was a high inverse correlation with the temperature of April. In order to forecast the first day of hatch following formulae seem to be applicable.<br>y=-2.910x+27.983 (y: Initial date of hatch x: Average temperature at 9 a.m. in April)<br>y=-2.348x+8.322 (y: Initial date of hatch x: Minimum temperature in April)<br>y=-3.507+50.030(y: Initial date of hatch x: Maximum temperature in April)<br>4. A high correlation was ascertained between the initial date of hatch and the growing state of apples. Examining the relation with the principal varieties of apple in Aomori Prefecture, the forecasting formulae of the initial date of hatch are as follows:<br>5. It was required about 10 days to complete the hatching of 99 per cent of the winter eggs in 1959 and 1960. The termination of hatch is considered to lie between the each initial date of blooming of Jonathan and Ralls Janet. It can be said that the time just before blooming of apples is best for control in early stage of the European red mite.

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