アブラムシの有し型胎生雌の出現について

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • The Emergence of Winged Viviparous Female in Aphid
  • アブラムシ ノ ユウシ ガタ タイセイ メス ノ シュツゲン ニ ツイテ エイブン 7
  • VII. On the Rareness of the Production of the Winged Offsprings from the Mothers of the Same Form
  • VII. 有し型から有し型が出現しにくいことについての一知見

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1. Both in the apple grain aphid, Rhopalosiphum prunifoliae, and in the corn aphid, Aphis maidis, the winged offsprings are commonly produced from the unwinged mothers (offsprings born from the unwinged are called “O-UNW”), but very rarely or hardly from the mothers of the same form (offsprings from the winged, “O-W”) even if the offspings are reared under the conditions of overcrowding, starvation, exposure to light and feeding on the stale leaves. On the other hand, in the English grain aphid, Macrosiphum granarium, the winged nymphs are born almost in the same percentage from females of the both forms by the treatments mentioned above.<br>2. Velocity of development in each instar in relation to environmental temperature was examined in the nymphs derived from both forms of the three species with the assumption that there may be some difference in physiological conditions between the offsprings of both sources in the former two species but not in the last named one. The results are as follows:<br>a) There is no recognizable difference in the temperature-development relations between O-W and O-UNW in each second, third and fourth instars.<br>b) In the first instar of O-W of Rhopalosiphum prunifoliae and Aphis maidis, however, the length of the instar is exceedingly greater than in O-UNW and varies strikingly with individuals. In addi tion, it is almost equal in some nymphs in all temperatures ranging from 15°C to 30°C. These are never seen in O-UNW.<br>c) In Macrosiphum granarium, the effect of temperature upon the first instar is little different between O-W and O-UNW.<br>3. Some suggestions were presented to explain the phenomena mentioned above on the basis of humoral controls by hormone or hormone-like substance, which is secreted only during the first instar of nymphs and inhibits the growth and differentiation of the wing buds.

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